Clinical Medicine
Ali Reza Nasseri; Farshad Mahdavi
Abstract
Introduction: Breast cancer is known as the most common cancer in women and various aspects of dealing with this disease have been studied by researchers for many years. One of these areas is tumor markers and its effect on determining the prognosis of patients and determining the most appropriate treatment ...
Read More
Introduction: Breast cancer is known as the most common cancer in women and various aspects of dealing with this disease have been studied by researchers for many years. One of these areas is tumor markers and its effect on determining the prognosis of patients and determining the most appropriate treatment method. Therefore, we decided to conduct a study to evaluate tumor markers of breast cancer in women candidates for mastectomy.Methods: The clinical records of 100 patients with breast cancer were evaluated for information such as information about pathological examinations of the sample (markers: ER, PR, HER2, P53, CEA) and recurrence of symptoms during a two-year period. Data were analyzed using SPSS ver17 statistical software, descriptive statistics and logistic regression test.Results: 24% had recurrence among which P53 and CEA markers had the highest frequency and in the absence of recurrence group ER and CEA markers had the highest frequency.Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it seems that paying attention to tumor levels of markers such as P53 and CEA can be helpful in identifying people who will have recurrence and attention to it can greatly determine the fate of the disease.
Basic Medicine
Mehrdad Zamani Esfahlani; Mohammad Irajian
Abstract
Introduction: The available literature offers valuable insights into various aspects of osteomyelitis and its management, but a dedicated investigation into its impact on mortality within the specific context of ICU admissions is warranted. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap, shedding light on ...
Read More
Introduction: The available literature offers valuable insights into various aspects of osteomyelitis and its management, but a dedicated investigation into its impact on mortality within the specific context of ICU admissions is warranted. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap, shedding light on the critical interplay between long bone osteomyelitis and mortality in ICU patients and providing valuable data that can inform clinical practice, guide treatment strategies, and improve patient care and outcomes.Material and Methods: Identification of eligible patients using electronic medical records. Data collection, including demographic information, comorbidities, ICU admission details, microbiological findings, and mortality outcomes. Comparison of the osteomyelitis group and control group with respect to mortality rates during their ICU stay. Subgroup analysis within the osteomyelitis group to explore factors associated with increased mortality.Results: Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to assess the independent association between osteomyelitis and ICU mortality while controlling for potential confounding factors. After adjusting for age, sex, and comorbidities, the odds ratio (OR) for ICU mortality in patients with osteomyelitis was 2.12 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11 to 3.89). Notably, this analysis did not reveal a statistically significant association between osteomyelitis and ICU mortality (p =0.125).Conclusion: Our study demonstrates a significant association between osteomyelitis of long bones and increased mortality in patients admitted to the ICU. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for osteomyelitis in critically ill patients, especially those with risk factors.
Basic Medicine
Fariborz Rousta; Abdolreza Mehdinavaz Aghdam
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to both evaluate and compare the psychological status of the patients undergone the breast conservation surgery in comparison with those patients who have undergone mastectomy. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with the participation of 220 patients after ...
Read More
The purpose of this study is to both evaluate and compare the psychological status of the patients undergone the breast conservation surgery in comparison with those patients who have undergone mastectomy. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with the participation of 220 patients after breast surgery (two groups of the modified radical mastectomy (i.e., the first group) including 140 people and the breast conservation surgery group (i.e., the second group)) in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences to compare their psychological status. They were assessed using SCL-90-R 1 and the Zong Depression Self-Assessment Scale or 2 (ZDS) and compared, as well. In the case of ZDS results, the results are similar to the SCL-90-R. Thus, immediately after surgery and at discharge time from the hospital, depression scores were not significantly different between both groups. However, in the evaluation after 6 months, the group with breast protection surgery was significantly different from the mastectomy group and its depression scores were lower, while the decrease in the scores of this group was significant compared with the mastectomy group during six months. To sum up, the results of the present study suggest that the psychological benefits of breast maintenance surgery in the early stages of treatment are due to the patient’s stress and anxiety about choosing a treatment that is not at least currently the gold standard one for breast cancer.
Psycology
Abdolreza Mehdinavaz Aghdam; Fariborz Rousta
Abstract
Introduction: The importance of examining the factors associated with cholelithiasis is to prevent the formation of gallstones in people as much as possible so that they do not need reoperation for cholecystectomy or, if necessary, remove the gallbladder during obesity surgery and impose the reoperation ...
Read More
Introduction: The importance of examining the factors associated with cholelithiasis is to prevent the formation of gallstones in people as much as possible so that they do not need reoperation for cholecystectomy or, if necessary, remove the gallbladder during obesity surgery and impose the reoperation risk on the patient. Therefore, the present study investigates the risk factors, precursors of gallstones, and the need for prophylactic cholecystectomy during bariatric surgery.Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 150 patients who were candidates for cholecystectomy with a body mass index greater than 35 were evaluated. Cholelithiasis was evaluated based on the severity of obesity in patients.Results: Out of 23 people who had a history of gallstones and gallbladder surgery due to stones in the past, 19 (82.6%) had a history of weight loss and 4 (17.4%) had no history of weight loss. There was no significant relationship between the history of weight loss and gallstones in candidates for obesity surgery. In addition, no significant relationship was observed between the rate of weight loss in the past and the number of attempts to lose weight and gallstones in candidates for obesity surgery.Conclusion: In general, in the present study, the only factor associated with cholelithiasis in the subjects was H. pylori. In fact, people with obesity who are infected with the bacterium H. pylori are positive, they are more prone to cholelithiasis than others.
Chemistry
Edet Patience Ime; Ede Joseph Ajor; Francis-Dominic Makong Ekpan; Humphrey Sam Samuel; Odii Peter Egwuatu
Abstract
The search for eco-friendly and sustainable materials for electrical applications has stepped up recently, spurred on by the demand for effective, greener solutions. To meet these expectations, a promising class of materials known as clay-reinforced recycled plastic composites has evolved. Increased ...
Read More
The search for eco-friendly and sustainable materials for electrical applications has stepped up recently, spurred on by the demand for effective, greener solutions. To meet these expectations, a promising class of materials known as clay-reinforced recycled plastic composites has evolved. Increased mechanical strength, less thermal expansion, and higher flame resistance are all benefits of incorporating clay nanoparticles into recycled plastics, which are essential for maintaining the dependability and safety of electrical systems. Clay-reinforced recycled plastic composites have been investigated for usage in various applications, including electrical ones. The waste plastic components, such as polystyrene or high-density polyethylene, are combined with clay, such as montmorillonite, to create the composites using a cold pressing technique. In comparison to the original plastic materials, the resultant composites have better mechanical, thermal, and water absorption characteristics. In addition, it has been shown that adding clay to composites improves their electrical qualities, making them appropriate for use in electrical applications. Dielectric strength, dielectric constant, and electrical conductivity tests have all been used to assess the electrical properties of the composites. According to the findings, clay-reinforced recycled plastic composites could be used in electrical applications, such as the production of electrical insulators. Utilizing these composites can help develop sustainable materials for various applications and reduce plastic waste.
Engineering
Masoud Mahdavi; Seyyed Reza Hosseini; Abbas Babaafjaei
Abstract
The seismic performance of a steel structure depends on various factors, such as the design, materials, and dimensions. One important aspect to consider is the span length of the structure, which can influence the seismic response and the overall performance of the structure. In this study, a 10-story ...
Read More
The seismic performance of a steel structure depends on various factors, such as the design, materials, and dimensions. One important aspect to consider is the span length of the structure, which can influence the seismic response and the overall performance of the structure. In this study, a 10-story steel structure with chevron bracing system was designed with ABAQUS software and finite element method. The structure was subjected to the El Centro earthquake for 25 seconds using the dynamic analysis method. Furthermore, the W index was defined equal to the span length to the story height, and the values of 0.67, 1.67, and 2.5 were considered for W. The results showed that the increase of the W index has direct relationship with the changes in the seismic parameters of the structure, including the displacement and acceleration, the von mises stress, the acceleration-time, and the displacement-time diagrams in the roof and the base shear force. Changing the index from 0.67 to 1.67 and 2.5 has caused an increase of 13.34% and 16.67%, respectively. Changing the index from 0.67 to 1.67 and 2.5 has caused an increase of 10.15% and 52.28%, respectively. Changing the index from 0.67 to 1.67 and 2.5 has caused an increase of 43.75% and 109.37%, respectively. Changing the index from 0.67 to 1.67 and 2.5 has caused an increase of 20.83% and 47.91%, respectively.
Clinical Medicine
Reza Eghdam Zamiri; Farshad Mahdavi
Abstract
Because long-term drainage can cause problems such as limited mobility of the affected limb and pain in the patient's armpit, studies that can determine the effect of prolonged drainage on serum incidence may lead to earlier drainage. And the reduction of the resulting complications should be helpful. ...
Read More
Because long-term drainage can cause problems such as limited mobility of the affected limb and pain in the patient's armpit, studies that can determine the effect of prolonged drainage on serum incidence may lead to earlier drainage. And the reduction of the resulting complications should be helpful. Therefore, the present study was performed with the aim of the effect of surgical drainage on seroma incidence in breast cancer surgery. This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed during the years 2018 to 2020 with the participation of 152 patients after breast surgery in the hospitals of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Diagnosis of seroma after surgery (for one week) was made by a physician and the factors affecting its formation were collected in the data collection form. Data were compared by Chi-square test. The mean age of the study participants was 46 years; Tumor size in most participants was less than two centimeters; The stage of the disease was in the majority of participants I, II and in most of them the breast mass was completely removed. The surgical drain remained in the majority of participants for 5 to 9 days. The prevalence of seroma in this study was 35%; The results of this study showed that the type of surgical device, the number of days of drain use, as well as the stage of the disease and the type of surgery performed on the breast have no role in the incidence of seroma.
Basic Medicine
Arash vojood
Abstract
Understanding the beginning of life on planet Earth has always been a captivating and scientifically very important and dynamic topic. The purpose of this study is to provide a concise review of some issuesrelated to the origin of life (OoL) on early Earth and stimulate further research into this important ...
Read More
Understanding the beginning of life on planet Earth has always been a captivating and scientifically very important and dynamic topic. The purpose of this study is to provide a concise review of some issuesrelated to the origin of life (OoL) on early Earth and stimulate further research into this important area of science. This brief review highlights the significance of the primordial soup as a nutrient-rich chemical mix in Earth's early oceans, and the Stanley Miller and Harold Urey experiment. Furthermore, it provides a brief description of the fundamental building blocks of life, such as lipids, nucleic acids (deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA)), proteins, and the role of entropy in chemical evolution. The results indicated that our understanding of the OoL continues to advance through interdisciplinary research and innovative experiments. As scientists delve deeper into the origins of life, we can anticipate further breakthroughs that will deepen our understanding of our own existence and the possibilities of life beyond Earth.
Basic Medicine
Abdolreza Mehdinavaz Aghdam; Fariborz Rousta
Abstract
Introduction: Due to the different results of different studies by researchers in different countries and the minimal research done in Iran, the need for this research was felt, and we decided to study this issue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the underlying diseases. The thyroid is a ...
Read More
Introduction: Due to the different results of different studies by researchers in different countries and the minimal research done in Iran, the need for this research was felt, and we decided to study this issue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the underlying diseases. The thyroid is a candidate for thyroidectomy in people with PTC. Material and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed with the participation of 99 patients undergoing thyroidectomy from 2010 to 2020 at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Patients' pathology results were evaluated, and comorbidities were extracted for each patient. Results: Follicular variant includes 5 cases and classic variant. All 5 follicular variants were women. In the studied samples, 35 cases were associated with lymphatic involvement and 64 cases were without lymphatic involvement. In the studied samples, 50 cases had Hashimoto's underlying disease, and 49 cases had multinodular goiter underlying disease.Conclusion: Due to the high prevalence of Hashimoto's underlying disease in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma, which has been proven in this study and other studies, as well as the higher prevalence of lymphatic involvement in the cases associated with these two diseases in this study.
Chemistry
Segun Michael Abegunde; Kayode Solomon Idowu
Abstract
In this work, activated carbon (AC) was prepared from Raphia taedigera seed and modified with sodium hydroxide (0.1 M) solution. The activated carbon (RTB) and the untreated Raphia taedigera raw (RTR) seed powder were characterised and engaged to remove Methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solution. ...
Read More
In this work, activated carbon (AC) was prepared from Raphia taedigera seed and modified with sodium hydroxide (0.1 M) solution. The activated carbon (RTB) and the untreated Raphia taedigera raw (RTR) seed powder were characterised and engaged to remove Methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solution. Both materials were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR revealed the presence of functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxylic, alkenes, aldehydes, and ketonic groups. SEM image showed the surface morphology of the material is characterized by aggregated structure with pores. The performances evaluation of the materials gave the highest percentage of MB dye removal of 84.21 and 97.00% were observed for RTR and RTB, respectively, at pH 5. The adsorption modelling showed that the MB dye adsorption onto both adsorbents could best be represented by Langmuir isotherm and followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The thermodynamic studies predicted exothermic, feasible, spontaneous, and physisorption nature of MB dye adsorption onto the RTR and RTB within the temperature range for this study.
Basic Medicine
Francis-Dominic Makong Ekpan; Merit Oluchi Ori; Humphrey Sam Samuel; Odii Peter Egwuatu
Abstract
In the face of growing environmental concerns and the need for sustainable energy sources, the production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic waste materials has emerged as a promising solution. This study provides an overview of efforts to enhance the eco-friendly production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic ...
Read More
In the face of growing environmental concerns and the need for sustainable energy sources, the production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic waste materials has emerged as a promising solution. This study provides an overview of efforts to enhance the eco-friendly production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic waste, addressing both the environmental and economic aspects of this renewable energy source. Lignocellulosic waste materials, such as agricultural residues and forest biomass, offer a rich source of raw materials for bioethanol production. Their utilization not only reduces waste accumulation, but also decreases the dependency on finite fossil fuels. However, the challenge lies in the efficient conversion of these materials into bioethanol while minimizing environmental impacts. To achieve this, researchers have been exploring various strategies, including advanced pretreatment techniques, enzymatic hydrolysis, and microbial fermentation. These methods aim to increase bioethanol yields, reduce production costs, and minimize waste generation, thus promoting a more sustainable and eco-friendly approach. In addition, the integration of waste-to-bioethanol processes with existing industries and the development of circular bio-economies hold promise for economic viability. As the world shifts towards a more sustainable energy future, these advancements in bioethanol production from lignocellulosic waste materials play a crucial role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating environmental impacts.
Basic Medicine
Roohallah Yousefi; Shahla Mokaramian
Abstract
The coronavirus pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has emerged as a significant global threat to all countries and societies. Analyzing infection rates, mortality due to Covid-19, and the impact of vaccination, weather conditions, and demographic and ethnic composition on infection and mortality ...
Read More
The coronavirus pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has emerged as a significant global threat to all countries and societies. Analyzing infection rates, mortality due to Covid-19, and the impact of vaccination, weather conditions, and demographic and ethnic composition on infection and mortality rates can provide crucial insights into this disease. SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus causing acute respiratory syndrome, first emerged as a global pandemic in the Chinese city of Wuhan in December 2019. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there have been 768,237,788 confirmed cases of Covid-19 reported worldwide, resulting in 6,951,677 fatalities as of July 19, 2023. Analyzing various factors like infection rates, mortality, vaccination, weather conditions, and demographics helps us understand the disease better. The United States has the highest COVID-19 death toll, while African countries have reported the lowest. However, Africa's high death-to-infection ratio might be due to inadequate healthcare services and vaccination rates, which require urgent attention. In addition, the relationship between environmental temperatures and COVID-19 cases and mortality is still under investigation.
Clinical Medicine
Shabnam Noei Alamdary; Shahram Ghasembaglou
Abstract
The main indications for tonsillectomy are recurrent infection, pre-tonsillar abscess, and obstructive sleep apnea and suspected malignancy. Incisional biopsy or Excisional biopsy is needed when a tonsillectomy is examined for suspected malignancy. According to the above, the purpose of this study is ...
Read More
The main indications for tonsillectomy are recurrent infection, pre-tonsillar abscess, and obstructive sleep apnea and suspected malignancy. Incisional biopsy or Excisional biopsy is needed when a tonsillectomy is examined for suspected malignancy. According to the above, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical results and pathological findings of tonsillectomy samples in people 16 years and younger. This case control study was performed with the participation of 305 patients under 18 years of age who were candidates for tonsillectomy surgery; Samples obtained after surgery were measured using Brodsky criteria and their results were evaluated and compared with pathology results. Surgical indications for 102 patients with symmetrical tonsils, including 46 cases with chronic tonsillitis (1.45%), hypertrophy of the tonsils with obstruction in 24 cases (23.5%), and recurrent infections of the tonsils with hypertrophic palate in 32 patients (4.31). %) Was. Pathologically studied samples in the control group were reactivemphoid hyperplasia in 56 cases (9.54%), lymphoidhyperplasia with fibrosis in 24 cases (23.5%) and chronic tonsillitis in 22 cases (21.5%). Tonsillectomy with indication of chronic tonsillitis and recurrent tonsillitis in patients who are otherwise normal examination is secondary to benign hyperplasia or anatomical factors. Therefore, the presence of asymmetry without suspicious appearance factors and significant signs and symptoms and progressive enlargement of the tonsils and concomitant adenopathy and a history of malignancy or immunodeficiency do not suggest malignancy and have no diagnostic value.
Basic Medicine
Mohammad Irajian; Mehrdad Zamani Esfahlani
Abstract
Introduction: As we navigate the intricate terrain of lower limb amputation etiology, this article seeks to provide valuable insights for healthcare professionals, researchers, policymakers, and anyone interested in the complexities of this critical healthcare issue. By unraveling the multifaceted factors ...
Read More
Introduction: As we navigate the intricate terrain of lower limb amputation etiology, this article seeks to provide valuable insights for healthcare professionals, researchers, policymakers, and anyone interested in the complexities of this critical healthcare issue. By unraveling the multifaceted factors contributing to lower limb amputations, we aim to contribute to the development of more effective prevention strategies, improved treatment approaches, and enhanced support systems for individuals living with limb loss.Materials and methods: This retrospective study was conducted at a single-center and involved patients referred to our orthopaedic department for lower extremity amputation (LEA) during the period spanning January 2007 to December 2019 in East Azarbaijan Hospitals. Data collected included the year of amputation, patient age, gender, level of amputation, and the underlying cause for the amputation.Results: The study encompassed a total of 114 lower extremity amputations, with major amputations accounting for 60.5% of the cases. Notably, the incidence of major amputations exhibited an upward trajectory over the study period, with an annual increase of 0.6 amputations per year. Male patients were significantly more prone to LEA than their female counterparts.Conclusion: Within the patient population of our orthopaedic institution, the etiology of lower extremity amputations demonstrates a multifaceted nature that sets it apart from trends observed in other surgical specialties. Notably, the incidence of major amputations has shown a consistent upward trend over recent years.
Basic Medicine
Seyed Reza Mousavi; Keyvan Eghbal; Navid Kalani; Ali Kazeminezhad
Abstract
Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a common disease in neurospine surgery. Conservative treatment is effective in 80-90% of patients, and a small percentage (10-20%) need an operation. Lumbar discectomy is the most prevalent and easy surgery; however, it may cause serious catastrophic complications. To ...
Read More
Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a common disease in neurospine surgery. Conservative treatment is effective in 80-90% of patients, and a small percentage (10-20%) need an operation. Lumbar discectomy is the most prevalent and easy surgery; however, it may cause serious catastrophic complications. To avoid complications and treat the LDH, some pearls constitute an important guide. These pearls include correct patient selection, the timing of the operation, correct correlation between patients signs and symptoms and level of LDH, right side of the disc, correct imaging study, underlying instability, nondiscogenic sciatica, the correct location of disc, surgical method, differentiating hip pathology, good positioning technique, anesthesia care and pearls, upper versus lower LDH, and incidental dural tear.
Clinical Medicine
Yazdan Dokht Ghaffari; Naser Ghorbanian
Abstract
Introduction: Since general surgeries have a wide range of types of surgeries and the possibility of cognitive disorders in these patients is high and can increase mortality and complications after surgery, the present study was designed and conducted following the question that do changes in blood sugar, ...
Read More
Introduction: Since general surgeries have a wide range of types of surgeries and the possibility of cognitive disorders in these patients is high and can increase mortality and complications after surgery, the present study was designed and conducted following the question that do changes in blood sugar, electrolytes, and blood pressure cause cognitive disorders in patients who are candidates for general surgery under general anesthesia, or not?Methodology: This article was carried out by using a non-systematic and descriptive review method; the non-systematic method by searching without any restrictions in Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, Medline, and PubMed by using keywords selected based on the mesh including: Blood sugar, glucose, hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, general anesthesia, surgery, surgery general, pain, electrolyte, vitamin, blood pressure, cognitive impairment, post-surgery, and delirium were done.Results: A total of 38 articles were found (12 articles related to the relationship between blood glucose and cognitive disorders, 13 articles about electrolytes and cognitive disorders, and 13 articles about blood pressure and cognitive disorders) and it was evaluated that these articles were published from 2005 (one article) to 2022.Conclusion: The changes and fluctuations of blood sugar, electrolytes, and blood pressure during general anesthesia in patients who are candidates for general surgery are one of the important and fundamental factors in the occurrence of cognitive disorders after surgery. Therefore, preventive measures should be considered for all patients.
Basic Medicine
Azmat Hussain; Saira Habib; Inam Ullah; Fahma Sahreen; Imtiaz Ahmad; Imosobomeh L Ikhioya
Abstract
In this study, a hydrothermal method was used to synthesize Tix MnNiO nanostructures for photovoltaic applications. The synthesized films display a hexagonal phase and are polycrystalline. They exhibit a preferred alignment on the (111), (112), (116), (121), and (200) planes. The angles 2 theta are (26.612, ...
Read More
In this study, a hydrothermal method was used to synthesize Tix MnNiO nanostructures for photovoltaic applications. The synthesized films display a hexagonal phase and are polycrystalline. They exhibit a preferred alignment on the (111), (112), (116), (121), and (200) planes. The angles 2 theta are (26.612, 30.816, 32.154, 33.154, and 37.856) degrees. The structural properties of the material are enhanced by incorporating titanium into the lattice of manganese, nickel oxide. By integrating titanium into the MnNiO lattice, the material's UV absorbance was enhanced. At 310 nm, the noticeable peaks of the materials show a rise in titanium concentration, leading to enhanced absorbance during synthesis. The material absorbance decreases as the wavelength of light in the visible region increases. The indirect bandgap energy of the synthesized Tix MnNiO film decreases with increasing molar concentration, ranging from 2.75 eV to 1.82-1.50 eV.
Basic Medicine
Gholam Reza Goodarzi; Hamzeh Isazadeh
Abstract
Presenting a comprehensive model and identifying effective factors in the analysis of combat sports competitions was the goal of this article. For this purpose, the researchers referred to experts in the field of martial arts in Iran and collected information from them through in-depth interviews, and ...
Read More
Presenting a comprehensive model and identifying effective factors in the analysis of combat sports competitions was the goal of this article. For this purpose, the researchers referred to experts in the field of martial arts in Iran and collected information from them through in-depth interviews, and then the data obtained from twenty interviews and documents were coded and analyzed. The research method was qualitative. The DIMTEL technique was used to find the model levels of the key factors of the analysis of combat sports competitions and any cause and effect relationships between the criteria. The results of the grouping of the codes showed fifteen components in four levels, which include the formation of separate training workshops for trainers, the use of skilled and educated people in this field, the intelligentization of the topic of analysis, and the formation of analysis teams for different age groups in the team. According to the results of the study, the presented model can be used as a sports analysis tool for the success of martial arts coaches in guiding and leading teams. In martial sports, the coach is one of the main and central figures. In this way, the analysis of martial sports competitions were extracted and confirmed, and the framework of the study was drawn and its suitability was confirmed. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive model and identify effective factors in the analysis of martial arts competitions. The researchers referred to martial arts experts and collected information from them through interviews, and then the data from the interviews were coded.
Clinical Medicine
Shabnam Noei Alamdary; Shahram Ghasembaglou
Abstract
Introduction: Statistical study of neck masses and their evaluation and treatment methods have received much attention in journals and reference books. However, due to differences in the range of diseases and diagnostic-therapeutic facilities between different countries, it is necessary to achieve differential ...
Read More
Introduction: Statistical study of neck masses and their evaluation and treatment methods have received much attention in journals and reference books. However, due to differences in the range of diseases and diagnostic-therapeutic facilities between different countries, it is necessary to achieve differential diagnoses of neck masses in Iran through regional studies.Material and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study that was conducted during 2018-2019 with the participation of 203 patients referred to the ENT clinics of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Patients with suspected neck masses underwent sampling and imaging after examination and their results were reported.Results: In neoplastic lesions, the most involvement was in the jugulodysgastric lymphatic chain. In non-neoplastic lesions, the most common site of involvement was the anterior-middle part of the neck. In both sexes, the most common site of neck mass was in the jugulodigastric lymphatic chain, with a prevalence of 20% in men and 22% in women, respectively, with the difference that the percentage of neoplastic lesions in the area in both males and females was 36.86%, respectively and 55%.Conclusion: A complete and frequent clinical examination is necessary in adults who are in their fourth decade of life. FNA is the best method after the examination if the cause of the mass is not known. After eliminating the inflammatory causes, SCC is the most common pathology in men and tuberculosis in women, which is often seen in the jugulodigastric lymph chain and posterior triangle of the neck, respectively.
Basic Medicine
Jaya B Puri; Abdulbasit Mustakahmad Shaikh; Umesh Pravin Dhuldhaj
Abstract
Since ancient times, Ajwain is one of the popular ayurvedic medicines in the treatment of indigestion, dyspepsia, and gastric disorders. Phytochemical constituents of Ajwain, are day by day getting more attention as medicine because of their efficiency and safer, and also comes with very less side effects. ...
Read More
Since ancient times, Ajwain is one of the popular ayurvedic medicines in the treatment of indigestion, dyspepsia, and gastric disorders. Phytochemical constituents of Ajwain, are day by day getting more attention as medicine because of their efficiency and safer, and also comes with very less side effects. The natural compounds obtained from this ethno-botanical plants are received much more attention in last decades.The present investigation is focus on the phytochemical analysis of Ajwain seeds which is commonly used as one of the important ingredients of Indian mouth fresheners. The crude extract of Ajwain seeds were obtained through soxhletion in chloroform and water. The presence of secondary metabolites in the Ajwain seeds was done by qualitative and quantitative analysis. The qualitative analysis of crude aqueous extract of Ajwain seeds shown the presence of Cardiac glycosides, as one of the very important cardiac drug used in the heart treatments.
Basic Medicine
Sara Rozmina; Ahmad Bagheri Moghaddam; Sayyed Majid Sadrzadeh; Vida Vakili; Hamid Zamani Moghaddam; Morteza Talebi Doluee
Abstract
Background and Aim: Patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) have high morbidity and mortality. Some evidence suggests that aspiration of the colonized oropharyngeal and gastric contents can be a risk factor for the incidence of VAP in patients undergoing endotracheal intubation. In this study, ...
Read More
Background and Aim: Patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) have high morbidity and mortality. Some evidence suggests that aspiration of the colonized oropharyngeal and gastric contents can be a risk factor for the incidence of VAP in patients undergoing endotracheal intubation. In this study, we sought to compare the effects of ranitidine and pantoprazole on VAP incidence.Subjects and Methods: In this double-blind clinical trial, 180 patients undergoing endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation were assigned to two groups based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Prophylaxis with pantoprazole and ranitidine was administered for the two groups (n=90 each), and then the patients were followed up for the detection of VAP and clinical signs of pneumonia. Finally, the patients’ demographic and clinical data were analyzed in SPSS, version 18.Results: Of the 180 patients enrolled in the study, 36 (20%) patients were diagnosed with VAP, 19 (52.7%) of whom belonged to the Ranitidine group, and 17 (47.2%) pertained to the Pantoprazole group (P=0.1). The daily risk for VAP in the two groups and each group separately was 1.7%.Conclusion: Pantoprazole and ranitidine have similar effects on the incidence of pneumonia caused by endotracheal intubation. However, further studies are recommended due to the lack of convincing evidence.
Nanosciences
Odii Peter Egwuatu; Merit Oluchi Ori; Humphrey Sam Samuel; Francis-Dominic Makong Ekpan
Abstract
This review article explores the transformative impact of AI in the field of nanomedicine, specifically focusing on AI-enabled diagnostics and monitoring. Nanomedicine has emerged as a promising approach for improving medical imaging, drug delivery, diagnostics, and therapy, and AI has become a disruptive ...
Read More
This review article explores the transformative impact of AI in the field of nanomedicine, specifically focusing on AI-enabled diagnostics and monitoring. Nanomedicine has emerged as a promising approach for improving medical imaging, drug delivery, diagnostics, and therapy, and AI has become a disruptive force that enhances the precision, efficiency, and personalization of healthcare solutions. We delve into the role of AI in designing and optimizing nanomaterials, drug delivery systems, and combinatorial nanomedicine administration. AI's potential to examine vast datasets, discover patterns and predict behaviour in biological systems is discussed. The paper also highlights the vital role of AI-driven nanosensors in the real-time monitoring of biomarkers within the human body. Interdisciplinary collaboration in healthcare is emphasized, as it is essential for addressing complex challenges and achieving global health goals. The article concludes by exploring how AI has revolutionized surgical planning, anatomical modelling, and virtual anatomy education in the context of nanomedicine. Overall, this review demonstrates the significant potential of AI-enabled diagnostics and monitoring in nanomedicine to revolutionize healthcare.
Basic Medicine
Roohallah Yousefi
Abstract
Introduction: In beta-thalassemia, an imbalance in the production of beta subunits of hemoglobin leads to the oxidation and deposition of excess alpha-globin chains at the cell membrane, resulting in the hemolysis of erythrocytes and a disorder of erythropoiesis. Antioxidants, such as curcumin, may promote ...
Read More
Introduction: In beta-thalassemia, an imbalance in the production of beta subunits of hemoglobin leads to the oxidation and deposition of excess alpha-globin chains at the cell membrane, resulting in the hemolysis of erythrocytes and a disorder of erythropoiesis. Antioxidants, such as curcumin, may promote this progression. This study aims to investigate the antioxidant effect of curcumin on hemolysate samples from patients with beta-thalassemia.Materials and methods: Pure curcumin was extracted and purified for use in studying its effect on the visual light absorbance of hemoglobin in hemolysate samples from beta-thalassemia patients compared to control samples. Changes in light absorbance at 540 and 700 nm wavelengths during exposure to curcumin were analyzed to examine the shift from oxyhemoglobin to deoxyhemoglobin.Results: Curcumin was found to dissolve rapidly and to a high degree in ethanol at 1 mg/ml, but did not dissolve in distilled water at the same concentration. The curcumin addition to the hemolysate sample of a patient with beta-thalassemia resulted in a decrease in the light absorbance of the sample at 540 nm wavelength, with minimal changes observed in the control sample.Conclusion: Curcumin deoxygenated the hemolysate samples from both the patient and control, causing hemoglobin precipitation to occur slowly. The study suggests a greater potential role for curcumin in deoxygenating hemoglobin in the hemolysate samples of beta-thalassemia patients compared to those of the normal control.
Clinical Medicine
Parham Maroufi; Behrooz Nazari
Abstract
Due to the high prevalence of osteoporosis in Iran and its relationship with bone fractures and reduced life expectancy in these patients and the knowledge that early diagnosis and timely treatment reduces the financial burden on the treatment system and the burden of disease complications on patients. ...
Read More
Due to the high prevalence of osteoporosis in Iran and its relationship with bone fractures and reduced life expectancy in these patients and the knowledge that early diagnosis and timely treatment reduces the financial burden on the treatment system and the burden of disease complications on patients. Density of one-third distal radius was performed in patients prone to primary osteoporosis.This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed during 2019 with the participation of 71 patients referred to orthopedic clinics of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Clinical examinations and bone density measurements were performed for them and its relationship with distal third radius fractures was investigated. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test. Sensitivity of one-third of the distal radius T-score compared to femoral neck T-score in terms of diagnosis of osteoporosis and osteopenia 82.35 and 51%, respectively, and its specificity 46.51%, and for total lumbar vertebrae in terms of diagnosis of osteoporosis and osteopenia, respectively. 92.31% and 65.62% and its specificity was 30.77%. According to the findings of this study, the study of one distal one-third mineral density of radius bone by DXA method for the diagnosis of osteoporosis has a significant sensitivity and has a significant relationship with the density of lumbar vertebrae (femur).
Basic Medicine
Seyed Hamed Ghaffari; Mohammad Irajian
Abstract
Introduction: As we delve deeper into the intricate world of scaphoid non-unions and bone grafting, we embark on a journey of scientific inquiry and surgical innovation, aiming to shed light on the most effective strategies to restore function, alleviate pain, and enhance the quality of life for patients ...
Read More
Introduction: As we delve deeper into the intricate world of scaphoid non-unions and bone grafting, we embark on a journey of scientific inquiry and surgical innovation, aiming to shed light on the most effective strategies to restore function, alleviate pain, and enhance the quality of life for patients grappling with this challenging condition. Join us on this intellectual voyage as we unravel the mysteries surrounding the treatment of scaphoid non-unions and the critical role that bone grafts, with or without a vascular base, play in this intricate puzzle of orthopedic care.Material and Methods: We initiated a prospective randomized study with the aim of comparing clinical, functional, and radiographic outcomes among 80 patients subjected to treatment for scaphoid nonunion using vascularized bone grafts harvested from the dorsal and distal aspects of the radius (designated as group I). This was juxtaposed with the treatment of 40 patients who received conventional non-vascularized bone grafts harvested from the distal radius (group II).Results: During surgical intervention, we encountered 30 cases of sclerotic, inadequately vascularized scaphoids in group I, in contrast to 20 cases in group II. The results of our study unveiled a striking discrepancy in bone fusion rates, with 89.1% of patients in group I achieving successful fusion compared to 72.5% in group II (p = 0.024).Conclusion: In summary, our findings strongly support the utilization of vascularized bone grafts, especially in cases involving sclerotic and poorly vascularized proximal poles in patients with scaphoid nonunion. This approach not only yields superior results but also proves to be more efficient in promoting bone fusion and enhancing functional outcomes.
