Original Research Article
Psycology
Abdolreza Mehdinavaz Aghdam; Fariborz Rousta
Abstract
Introduction: The importance of examining the factors associated with cholelithiasis is to prevent the formation of gallstones in people as much as possible so that they do not need reoperation for cholecystectomy or, if necessary, remove the gallbladder during obesity surgery and impose the reoperation ...
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Introduction: The importance of examining the factors associated with cholelithiasis is to prevent the formation of gallstones in people as much as possible so that they do not need reoperation for cholecystectomy or, if necessary, remove the gallbladder during obesity surgery and impose the reoperation risk on the patient. Therefore, the present study investigates the risk factors, precursors of gallstones, and the need for prophylactic cholecystectomy during bariatric surgery.Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 150 patients who were candidates for cholecystectomy with a body mass index greater than 35 were evaluated. Cholelithiasis was evaluated based on the severity of obesity in patients.Results: Out of 23 people who had a history of gallstones and gallbladder surgery due to stones in the past, 19 (82.6%) had a history of weight loss and 4 (17.4%) had no history of weight loss. There was no significant relationship between the history of weight loss and gallstones in candidates for obesity surgery. In addition, no significant relationship was observed between the rate of weight loss in the past and the number of attempts to lose weight and gallstones in candidates for obesity surgery.Conclusion: In general, in the present study, the only factor associated with cholelithiasis in the subjects was H. pylori. In fact, people with obesity who are infected with the bacterium H. pylori are positive, they are more prone to cholelithiasis than others.
Original Research Article
Chemistry
Segun Michael Abegunde; Kayode Solomon Idowu
Abstract
In this work, activated carbon (AC) was prepared from Raphia taedigera seed and modified with sodium hydroxide (0.1 M) solution. The activated carbon (RTB) and the untreated Raphia taedigera raw (RTR) seed powder were characterised and engaged to remove Methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solution. ...
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In this work, activated carbon (AC) was prepared from Raphia taedigera seed and modified with sodium hydroxide (0.1 M) solution. The activated carbon (RTB) and the untreated Raphia taedigera raw (RTR) seed powder were characterised and engaged to remove Methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solution. Both materials were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR revealed the presence of functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxylic, alkenes, aldehydes, and ketonic groups. SEM image showed the surface morphology of the material is characterized by aggregated structure with pores. The performances evaluation of the materials gave the highest percentage of MB dye removal of 84.21 and 97.00% were observed for RTR and RTB, respectively, at pH 5. The adsorption modelling showed that the MB dye adsorption onto both adsorbents could best be represented by Langmuir isotherm and followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The thermodynamic studies predicted exothermic, feasible, spontaneous, and physisorption nature of MB dye adsorption onto the RTR and RTB within the temperature range for this study.
Review Article
Clinical Medicine
Yazdan Dokht Ghaffari; Naser Ghorbanian
Abstract
Introduction: Since general surgeries have a wide range of types of surgeries and the possibility of cognitive disorders in these patients is high and can increase mortality and complications after surgery, the present study was designed and conducted following the question that do changes in blood sugar, ...
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Introduction: Since general surgeries have a wide range of types of surgeries and the possibility of cognitive disorders in these patients is high and can increase mortality and complications after surgery, the present study was designed and conducted following the question that do changes in blood sugar, electrolytes, and blood pressure cause cognitive disorders in patients who are candidates for general surgery under general anesthesia, or not?Methodology: This article was carried out by using a non-systematic and descriptive review method; the non-systematic method by searching without any restrictions in Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, Medline, and PubMed by using keywords selected based on the mesh including: Blood sugar, glucose, hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, general anesthesia, surgery, surgery general, pain, electrolyte, vitamin, blood pressure, cognitive impairment, post-surgery, and delirium were done.Results: A total of 38 articles were found (12 articles related to the relationship between blood glucose and cognitive disorders, 13 articles about electrolytes and cognitive disorders, and 13 articles about blood pressure and cognitive disorders) and it was evaluated that these articles were published from 2005 (one article) to 2022.Conclusion: The changes and fluctuations of blood sugar, electrolytes, and blood pressure during general anesthesia in patients who are candidates for general surgery are one of the important and fundamental factors in the occurrence of cognitive disorders after surgery. Therefore, preventive measures should be considered for all patients.
Review Article
Clinical Medicine
Mansour Rezaei; Ramin Azhough
Abstract
Introduction: Diosmin is effective in inhibiting the inflammatory response pathways and improving the acute and chronic symptoms of hemorrhoids. Very few studies have been conducted in this field, and the effectiveness of this drug in different studies has not been presented in a single study so that ...
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Introduction: Diosmin is effective in inhibiting the inflammatory response pathways and improving the acute and chronic symptoms of hemorrhoids. Very few studies have been conducted in this field, and the effectiveness of this drug in different studies has not been presented in a single study so that it can be used or not used based on its results. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of Diosmin on pain after hemorrhoidectomy in the form of a systematic review of clinical trial studies.Methods: The present study was a systematic review that was designed and conducted based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) statement. The search was done in SID, Magiran, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science databases by following the entry and exit criteria and the keywords such as pain, hemoroide, hemorrhoidectomy, Diosmin, surgery, and post-operative.Results: 824 patients participated in these 4 randomized clinical trial studies (with a high quality). The instrument used to assess pain intensity in all studies was the Visual Analogic Scale. Diosmin tablets were prescribed in two forms: 500 mg (in three studies) and 300 mg (in one study) after hemorrhoidectomy. In three studies, Diosmin tablets led to a reduction in pain intensity after hemorrhoidectomy, and in one study, no significant difference was seen.Conclusion: The results of our study indicated that the use of 500 mg Diosmin oral tablets can lead to a reduction in pain intensity after hemorrhoidectomy. Due to the lower number of studies, the results of this study should be used with caution.
Original Research Article
Clinical Medicine
Mojtaba Ghaedi; Elham Javidmehr; Navid Kalani; Hasan Zabetian
Abstract
Background: To relieve the pain caused by propofol injection, a wide range of medicinal and non-pharmacological methods have been investigated. The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing two drugs, ephedrine and dexamethasone, on the pain caused by propofol injection in patients undergoing ...
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Background: To relieve the pain caused by propofol injection, a wide range of medicinal and non-pharmacological methods have been investigated. The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing two drugs, ephedrine and dexamethasone, on the pain caused by propofol injection in patients undergoing elective surgery.Methods: This double-blind randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 60 patients who were candidates for elective surgery referred to Peymaniyeh Hospital in Jahrom City. Patients were divided into two groups A: dexamethasone with a dose of 8 mg/kg and group B: ephedrine with a dose of 5 mg using a table of random numbers. Dexamethasone and ephedrine were injected within 5 seconds, and after 30 seconds, propofol 1% in the amount of 3 ml (equivalent to 30 mg) was injected into the corresponding vein at a speed of 0.5 ml per second. After the injection, the patient was clearly asked about pain or discomfort at the injection site, and the answer was yes or no, and if there was pain, its severity was recorded in the questionnaire based on verbal descriptions. The data was analyzed using SPSS Software (version 21) and using descriptive (frequency, number, standard deviation, and mean) and inferential (Chi-square test) statistics. P<0.05 was considered as significant.Findings: 60 patients included in the study were divided into two groups of 30 dexamethasone and ephedrine. There was no statistically significant difference between both groups in terms of demographic characteristics (age, gender, and weight) and they were the same. Comparing the pain made by propofol injection in dexamethasone and ephedrine groups, using the Chi-square test, showed that the frequency of pain in the ephedrine group (33.3%) was not significant compared with dexamethasone group (40%) (P=0.23).Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, although more people in the ephedrine group were pain free, the amount of pain in the ephedrine and dexamethasone groups was not statistically significant.
Original Research Article
Basic Medicine
Parmiss Adyani Kalvanagh; Yousef Adyani Kalvanagh
Abstract
Introduction: According to researchers' research on the relationship between breast cancer and diabetes in the presence of other genes such as INSR, the aim of this study was comparing exons 2 and 3 of the DIRAS3 gene in mastectomies and lumpectomies women.Procedure: DNA extraction was done using a kit ...
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Introduction: According to researchers' research on the relationship between breast cancer and diabetes in the presence of other genes such as INSR, the aim of this study was comparing exons 2 and 3 of the DIRAS3 gene in mastectomies and lumpectomies women.Procedure: DNA extraction was done using a kit (PZP Molecular IVD Company) and stored in a micro tube at -20C. The said kit contained four different buffers named Wash buffer (W), Binding buffer (B), Elution buffer (E) and Removal buffer (R) along with proteinase k powder.Results: The polymorphism found in intron 2 with rs6682360 at position c.332-3 T>C or g.831 T>C of a cancer patient sample, that is, 3 nucleotides upstream of the 332nd nucleotide in intron 2 or the 831st nucleotide in intron 2 which is T open to C open. Since the number of measured samples was small, no significant relationship was found between the development of breast cancer and diabetes and the presence of this polymorphism.Conclusion: The results of this research showed that among the available polymorphisms, only the 5'UTR c.331 G>A is related to breast cancer in mastectomies and lumpectomies women.
