Original Research Article
Basic Medicine
Fariborz Rousta; Abdolreza Mehdinavaz Aghdam
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to both evaluate and compare the psychological status of the patients undergone the breast conservation surgery in comparison with those patients who have undergone mastectomy. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with the participation of 220 patients after ...
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The purpose of this study is to both evaluate and compare the psychological status of the patients undergone the breast conservation surgery in comparison with those patients who have undergone mastectomy. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with the participation of 220 patients after breast surgery (two groups of the modified radical mastectomy (i.e., the first group) including 140 people and the breast conservation surgery group (i.e., the second group)) in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences to compare their psychological status. They were assessed using SCL-90-R 1 and the Zong Depression Self-Assessment Scale or 2 (ZDS) and compared, as well. In the case of ZDS results, the results are similar to the SCL-90-R. Thus, immediately after surgery and at discharge time from the hospital, depression scores were not significantly different between both groups. However, in the evaluation after 6 months, the group with breast protection surgery was significantly different from the mastectomy group and its depression scores were lower, while the decrease in the scores of this group was significant compared with the mastectomy group during six months. To sum up, the results of the present study suggest that the psychological benefits of breast maintenance surgery in the early stages of treatment are due to the patient’s stress and anxiety about choosing a treatment that is not at least currently the gold standard one for breast cancer.
Original Research Article
Basic Medicine
Abdolreza Mehdinavaz Aghdam; Fariborz Rousta
Abstract
Introduction: Due to the different results of different studies by researchers in different countries and the minimal research done in Iran, the need for this research was felt, and we decided to study this issue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the underlying diseases. The thyroid is a ...
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Introduction: Due to the different results of different studies by researchers in different countries and the minimal research done in Iran, the need for this research was felt, and we decided to study this issue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the underlying diseases. The thyroid is a candidate for thyroidectomy in people with PTC. Material and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed with the participation of 99 patients undergoing thyroidectomy from 2010 to 2020 at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Patients' pathology results were evaluated, and comorbidities were extracted for each patient. Results: Follicular variant includes 5 cases and classic variant. All 5 follicular variants were women. In the studied samples, 35 cases were associated with lymphatic involvement and 64 cases were without lymphatic involvement. In the studied samples, 50 cases had Hashimoto's underlying disease, and 49 cases had multinodular goiter underlying disease.Conclusion: Due to the high prevalence of Hashimoto's underlying disease in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma, which has been proven in this study and other studies, as well as the higher prevalence of lymphatic involvement in the cases associated with these two diseases in this study.
Original Research Article
Basic Medicine
Seyed Reza Mousavi; Keyvan Eghbal; Navid Kalani; Ali Kazeminezhad
Abstract
Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a common disease in neurospine surgery. Conservative treatment is effective in 80-90% of patients, and a small percentage (10-20%) need an operation. Lumbar discectomy is the most prevalent and easy surgery; however, it may cause serious catastrophic complications. To ...
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Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a common disease in neurospine surgery. Conservative treatment is effective in 80-90% of patients, and a small percentage (10-20%) need an operation. Lumbar discectomy is the most prevalent and easy surgery; however, it may cause serious catastrophic complications. To avoid complications and treat the LDH, some pearls constitute an important guide. These pearls include correct patient selection, the timing of the operation, correct correlation between patients signs and symptoms and level of LDH, right side of the disc, correct imaging study, underlying instability, nondiscogenic sciatica, the correct location of disc, surgical method, differentiating hip pathology, good positioning technique, anesthesia care and pearls, upper versus lower LDH, and incidental dural tear.
Original Research Article
Basic Medicine
Sara Rozmina; Ahmad Bagheri Moghaddam; Sayyed Majid Sadrzadeh; Vida Vakili; Hamid Zamani Moghaddam; Morteza Talebi Doluee
Abstract
Background and Aim: Patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) have high morbidity and mortality. Some evidence suggests that aspiration of the colonized oropharyngeal and gastric contents can be a risk factor for the incidence of VAP in patients undergoing endotracheal intubation. In this study, ...
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Background and Aim: Patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) have high morbidity and mortality. Some evidence suggests that aspiration of the colonized oropharyngeal and gastric contents can be a risk factor for the incidence of VAP in patients undergoing endotracheal intubation. In this study, we sought to compare the effects of ranitidine and pantoprazole on VAP incidence.Subjects and Methods: In this double-blind clinical trial, 180 patients undergoing endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation were assigned to two groups based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Prophylaxis with pantoprazole and ranitidine was administered for the two groups (n=90 each), and then the patients were followed up for the detection of VAP and clinical signs of pneumonia. Finally, the patients’ demographic and clinical data were analyzed in SPSS, version 18.Results: Of the 180 patients enrolled in the study, 36 (20%) patients were diagnosed with VAP, 19 (52.7%) of whom belonged to the Ranitidine group, and 17 (47.2%) pertained to the Pantoprazole group (P=0.1). The daily risk for VAP in the two groups and each group separately was 1.7%.Conclusion: Pantoprazole and ranitidine have similar effects on the incidence of pneumonia caused by endotracheal intubation. However, further studies are recommended due to the lack of convincing evidence.
Original Research Article
Basic Medicine
Solmaz Fakhari; Eissa Bilehjani
Abstract
Introduction: Cesarean section is one of the most common surgeries in gynecology, after which pain leads to many complications. This study aimed at comparing the effects of propofol and ketamine on postoperative complications under spinal anesthesia.Material and Methods: In this study, to compare the ...
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Introduction: Cesarean section is one of the most common surgeries in gynecology, after which pain leads to many complications. This study aimed at comparing the effects of propofol and ketamine on postoperative complications under spinal anesthesia.Material and Methods: In this study, to compare the effect of propofol and ketamine on pain, chills and nausea, and vomiting after cesarean section under spinal anesthesia, 111 patients who were candidates for elective cesarean section were compared in terms of side effects of propofol and ketamine.Results: The rest of the pain intensity in the ketofol and ketamine groups was significantly lower in the other groups (p <0.05). Also, the rate of drug use in the ketofol and ketamine groups was significantly lower compared with the other groups (p <0.05).Conclusion: The combination of ketamine + propofol (ketofol) can control the complications after spinal anesthesia in elective cesarean section.
Original Research Article
Psycology
Nasim Gholipour; Abalfazl Amiripour
Abstract
Adolescence is a critical period of life after childhood that causes certain changes in the body, motivations, emotions. According to Piaget, it occurs when a person moves from the stage of objective operations to formal operations of self-centeredness. At this stage, the adolescent has difficulty distinguishing ...
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Adolescence is a critical period of life after childhood that causes certain changes in the body, motivations, emotions. According to Piaget, it occurs when a person moves from the stage of objective operations to formal operations of self-centeredness. At this stage, the adolescent has difficulty distinguishing between his or her own abstract views and those of others. One of the states of cognitive distortion in adolescents is the personal myth that at this stage he thinks is in the center of everyone's attention and has an impact on individual decisions and risky behaviors that can affect the general health of adolescents. In the present study, the relationship between personal myth, early maladaptive schemas and general health of third year male and female high school students in Islamshahr has been investigated. For this purpose, 300 students (136 boys and 164 girls) who were selected by cluster random sampling method answered three questionnaires of personal myth, Young's early maladaptive schemas and general health. Mean and standard deviation, Pearson correlation coefficient, stepwise multiple regression, independent t-test and multivariate analysis of variance were used to analyze the data. The results showed that there is a statistically positive and significant relationship between personal myth, early maladaptive schemas and general health, but a negative and significant relationship conceptually. According to the stepwise regression model, it was found that fourteen after the initial maladaptive schemas and personal myths were able to predict general health and were able to explain 90% of the variance of general health variables.
Original Research Article
Psycology
Zahra Saeid; Farideh Mohammadkhani Orouji
Abstract
According to researchers, there is a part of the brain that is both for negative emotions and for positive emotions. Research has shown that people who are often happy are more active in the front of their frontal lobes, while people who are anxious are more active on the right side. The good news is ...
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According to researchers, there is a part of the brain that is both for negative emotions and for positive emotions. Research has shown that people who are often happy are more active in the front of their frontal lobes, while people who are anxious are more active on the right side. The good news is that "you can" adjust your emotions through meditation and change the point of emotion in the brain. You will be happier if you meditate for about an hour a day, that is, 6 days a week and one hour a day for 8 weeks. In addition to happiness, you will gain more understanding and empathy with others, and your immune system will be strengthened. Meditation helps you to sleep deeper and with better quality by calming your mind and modulating hormones. When your sleep is deep and quality, growth hormones and melatonin are released in the body, both of which are anti-aging hormones. In addition, deep, quality sleep releases toxic proteins from the brain that, if left in the brain (due to poor sleep quality), reduce the ability to process information, solve problems, and be creative, and increase emotional responses. Also, meditation has an effective role in increasing the power of the mind. This process also increases the speed of learning by increasing your level of concentration and increases the power of memory, level of consciousness and the amount of emotion control and prevents the decrease of the mentioned cases with age.