Basic Medicine
Francis-Dominic Makong Ekpan; Merit Oluchi Ori; Humphrey Sam Samuel; Odii Peter Egwuatu
Abstract
In the face of growing environmental concerns and the need for sustainable energy sources, the production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic waste materials has emerged as a promising solution. This study provides an overview of efforts to enhance the eco-friendly production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic ...
Read More
In the face of growing environmental concerns and the need for sustainable energy sources, the production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic waste materials has emerged as a promising solution. This study provides an overview of efforts to enhance the eco-friendly production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic waste, addressing both the environmental and economic aspects of this renewable energy source. Lignocellulosic waste materials, such as agricultural residues and forest biomass, offer a rich source of raw materials for bioethanol production. Their utilization not only reduces waste accumulation, but also decreases the dependency on finite fossil fuels. However, the challenge lies in the efficient conversion of these materials into bioethanol while minimizing environmental impacts. To achieve this, researchers have been exploring various strategies, including advanced pretreatment techniques, enzymatic hydrolysis, and microbial fermentation. These methods aim to increase bioethanol yields, reduce production costs, and minimize waste generation, thus promoting a more sustainable and eco-friendly approach. In addition, the integration of waste-to-bioethanol processes with existing industries and the development of circular bio-economies hold promise for economic viability. As the world shifts towards a more sustainable energy future, these advancements in bioethanol production from lignocellulosic waste materials play a crucial role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating environmental impacts.
Basic Medicine
Roohallah Yousefi
Abstract
Introduction: In beta-thalassemia, an imbalance in the production of beta subunits of hemoglobin leads to the oxidation and deposition of excess alpha-globin chains at the cell membrane, resulting in the hemolysis of erythrocytes and a disorder of erythropoiesis. Antioxidants, such as curcumin, may promote ...
Read More
Introduction: In beta-thalassemia, an imbalance in the production of beta subunits of hemoglobin leads to the oxidation and deposition of excess alpha-globin chains at the cell membrane, resulting in the hemolysis of erythrocytes and a disorder of erythropoiesis. Antioxidants, such as curcumin, may promote this progression. This study aims to investigate the antioxidant effect of curcumin on hemolysate samples from patients with beta-thalassemia.Materials and methods: Pure curcumin was extracted and purified for use in studying its effect on the visual light absorbance of hemoglobin in hemolysate samples from beta-thalassemia patients compared to control samples. Changes in light absorbance at 540 and 700 nm wavelengths during exposure to curcumin were analyzed to examine the shift from oxyhemoglobin to deoxyhemoglobin.Results: Curcumin was found to dissolve rapidly and to a high degree in ethanol at 1 mg/ml, but did not dissolve in distilled water at the same concentration. The curcumin addition to the hemolysate sample of a patient with beta-thalassemia resulted in a decrease in the light absorbance of the sample at 540 nm wavelength, with minimal changes observed in the control sample.Conclusion: Curcumin deoxygenated the hemolysate samples from both the patient and control, causing hemoglobin precipitation to occur slowly. The study suggests a greater potential role for curcumin in deoxygenating hemoglobin in the hemolysate samples of beta-thalassemia patients compared to those of the normal control.
Basic Medicine
Merit Oluchi Ori; Francis-Dominic Makong Ekpan; Humphrey Sam Samuel; Odii Peter Egwuatu
Abstract
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and nanotechnology has revolutionized the field of nanomedicine. AI’s large-scale data processing and pattern recognition capabilities can enhance the design of nanotechnologies for diagnosis and therapy. This integration can address challenges in ...
Read More
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and nanotechnology has revolutionized the field of nanomedicine. AI’s large-scale data processing and pattern recognition capabilities can enhance the design of nanotechnologies for diagnosis and therapy. This integration can address challenges in fabrication and targeted drug delivery for cancer therapy. AI’s rapid data mining and decision-making capabilities can lead to more innovative solutions. The convergence of biology, AI, and nanotechnology is fostering a scientific and technological revolution. Recent studies show that AI can improve the design of nanotechnologies for diagnostics and treatment by processing large datasets and recognizing complex patterns. AI is also used in nanomedicine design to optimize material properties based on interactions with target medications, biological fluids, immune systems, and cell membranes.
Basic Medicine
Parmiss Adyani Kalvanagh; Yousef Adyani Kalvanagh
Abstract
Introduction: According to researchers' research on the relationship between breast cancer and diabetes in the presence of other genes such as INSR, the aim of this study was comparing exons 2 and 3 of the DIRAS3 gene in mastectomies and lumpectomies women.Procedure: DNA extraction was done using a kit ...
Read More
Introduction: According to researchers' research on the relationship between breast cancer and diabetes in the presence of other genes such as INSR, the aim of this study was comparing exons 2 and 3 of the DIRAS3 gene in mastectomies and lumpectomies women.Procedure: DNA extraction was done using a kit (PZP Molecular IVD Company) and stored in a micro tube at -20C. The said kit contained four different buffers named Wash buffer (W), Binding buffer (B), Elution buffer (E) and Removal buffer (R) along with proteinase k powder.Results: The polymorphism found in intron 2 with rs6682360 at position c.332-3 T>C or g.831 T>C of a cancer patient sample, that is, 3 nucleotides upstream of the 332nd nucleotide in intron 2 or the 831st nucleotide in intron 2 which is T open to C open. Since the number of measured samples was small, no significant relationship was found between the development of breast cancer and diabetes and the presence of this polymorphism.Conclusion: The results of this research showed that among the available polymorphisms, only the 5'UTR c.331 G>A is related to breast cancer in mastectomies and lumpectomies women.
