Original Research Article
Basic Medicine
Mehrdad Zamani Esfahlani; Mohammad Irajian
Abstract
Introduction: The available literature offers valuable insights into various aspects of osteomyelitis and its management, but a dedicated investigation into its impact on mortality within the specific context of ICU admissions is warranted. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap, shedding light on ...
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Introduction: The available literature offers valuable insights into various aspects of osteomyelitis and its management, but a dedicated investigation into its impact on mortality within the specific context of ICU admissions is warranted. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap, shedding light on the critical interplay between long bone osteomyelitis and mortality in ICU patients and providing valuable data that can inform clinical practice, guide treatment strategies, and improve patient care and outcomes.Material and Methods: Identification of eligible patients using electronic medical records. Data collection, including demographic information, comorbidities, ICU admission details, microbiological findings, and mortality outcomes. Comparison of the osteomyelitis group and control group with respect to mortality rates during their ICU stay. Subgroup analysis within the osteomyelitis group to explore factors associated with increased mortality.Results: Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to assess the independent association between osteomyelitis and ICU mortality while controlling for potential confounding factors. After adjusting for age, sex, and comorbidities, the odds ratio (OR) for ICU mortality in patients with osteomyelitis was 2.12 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11 to 3.89). Notably, this analysis did not reveal a statistically significant association between osteomyelitis and ICU mortality (p =0.125).Conclusion: Our study demonstrates a significant association between osteomyelitis of long bones and increased mortality in patients admitted to the ICU. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for osteomyelitis in critically ill patients, especially those with risk factors.
Mini-Review
Basic Medicine
Arash vojood
Abstract
Understanding the beginning of life on planet Earth has always been a captivating and scientifically very important and dynamic topic. The purpose of this study is to provide a concise review of some issuesrelated to the origin of life (OoL) on early Earth and stimulate further research into this important ...
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Understanding the beginning of life on planet Earth has always been a captivating and scientifically very important and dynamic topic. The purpose of this study is to provide a concise review of some issuesrelated to the origin of life (OoL) on early Earth and stimulate further research into this important area of science. This brief review highlights the significance of the primordial soup as a nutrient-rich chemical mix in Earth's early oceans, and the Stanley Miller and Harold Urey experiment. Furthermore, it provides a brief description of the fundamental building blocks of life, such as lipids, nucleic acids (deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA)), proteins, and the role of entropy in chemical evolution. The results indicated that our understanding of the OoL continues to advance through interdisciplinary research and innovative experiments. As scientists delve deeper into the origins of life, we can anticipate further breakthroughs that will deepen our understanding of our own existence and the possibilities of life beyond Earth.
Original Research Article
Basic Medicine
Mohammad Irajian; Mehrdad Zamani Esfahlani
Abstract
Introduction: As we navigate the intricate terrain of lower limb amputation etiology, this article seeks to provide valuable insights for healthcare professionals, researchers, policymakers, and anyone interested in the complexities of this critical healthcare issue. By unraveling the multifaceted factors ...
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Introduction: As we navigate the intricate terrain of lower limb amputation etiology, this article seeks to provide valuable insights for healthcare professionals, researchers, policymakers, and anyone interested in the complexities of this critical healthcare issue. By unraveling the multifaceted factors contributing to lower limb amputations, we aim to contribute to the development of more effective prevention strategies, improved treatment approaches, and enhanced support systems for individuals living with limb loss.Materials and methods: This retrospective study was conducted at a single-center and involved patients referred to our orthopaedic department for lower extremity amputation (LEA) during the period spanning January 2007 to December 2019 in East Azarbaijan Hospitals. Data collected included the year of amputation, patient age, gender, level of amputation, and the underlying cause for the amputation.Results: The study encompassed a total of 114 lower extremity amputations, with major amputations accounting for 60.5% of the cases. Notably, the incidence of major amputations exhibited an upward trajectory over the study period, with an annual increase of 0.6 amputations per year. Male patients were significantly more prone to LEA than their female counterparts.Conclusion: Within the patient population of our orthopaedic institution, the etiology of lower extremity amputations demonstrates a multifaceted nature that sets it apart from trends observed in other surgical specialties. Notably, the incidence of major amputations has shown a consistent upward trend over recent years.
Original Research Article
Basic Medicine
Jaya B Puri; Abdulbasit Mustakahmad Shaikh; Umesh Pravin Dhuldhaj
Abstract
Since ancient times, Ajwain is one of the popular ayurvedic medicines in the treatment of indigestion, dyspepsia, and gastric disorders. Phytochemical constituents of Ajwain, are day by day getting more attention as medicine because of their efficiency and safer, and also comes with very less side effects. ...
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Since ancient times, Ajwain is one of the popular ayurvedic medicines in the treatment of indigestion, dyspepsia, and gastric disorders. Phytochemical constituents of Ajwain, are day by day getting more attention as medicine because of their efficiency and safer, and also comes with very less side effects. The natural compounds obtained from this ethno-botanical plants are received much more attention in last decades.The present investigation is focus on the phytochemical analysis of Ajwain seeds which is commonly used as one of the important ingredients of Indian mouth fresheners. The crude extract of Ajwain seeds were obtained through soxhletion in chloroform and water. The presence of secondary metabolites in the Ajwain seeds was done by qualitative and quantitative analysis. The qualitative analysis of crude aqueous extract of Ajwain seeds shown the presence of Cardiac glycosides, as one of the very important cardiac drug used in the heart treatments.
Original Research Article
Basic Medicine
Seyed Hamed Ghaffari; Mohammad Irajian
Abstract
Introduction: As we delve deeper into the intricate world of scaphoid non-unions and bone grafting, we embark on a journey of scientific inquiry and surgical innovation, aiming to shed light on the most effective strategies to restore function, alleviate pain, and enhance the quality of life for patients ...
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Introduction: As we delve deeper into the intricate world of scaphoid non-unions and bone grafting, we embark on a journey of scientific inquiry and surgical innovation, aiming to shed light on the most effective strategies to restore function, alleviate pain, and enhance the quality of life for patients grappling with this challenging condition. Join us on this intellectual voyage as we unravel the mysteries surrounding the treatment of scaphoid non-unions and the critical role that bone grafts, with or without a vascular base, play in this intricate puzzle of orthopedic care.Material and Methods: We initiated a prospective randomized study with the aim of comparing clinical, functional, and radiographic outcomes among 80 patients subjected to treatment for scaphoid nonunion using vascularized bone grafts harvested from the dorsal and distal aspects of the radius (designated as group I). This was juxtaposed with the treatment of 40 patients who received conventional non-vascularized bone grafts harvested from the distal radius (group II).Results: During surgical intervention, we encountered 30 cases of sclerotic, inadequately vascularized scaphoids in group I, in contrast to 20 cases in group II. The results of our study unveiled a striking discrepancy in bone fusion rates, with 89.1% of patients in group I achieving successful fusion compared to 72.5% in group II (p = 0.024).Conclusion: In summary, our findings strongly support the utilization of vascularized bone grafts, especially in cases involving sclerotic and poorly vascularized proximal poles in patients with scaphoid nonunion. This approach not only yields superior results but also proves to be more efficient in promoting bone fusion and enhancing functional outcomes.
Original Research Article
Chemistry
Fater Iorhuna; Muhammad Abdullahi Ayuba; Aondofa Thomas Nyijime; Musa Sani; Hamisu Abdulmumini; John Oluwafemi Oyeyode
Abstract
Metals, such as Iron, zinc, zluminium, and copper are vital in various industries and construction. However, these metals are susceptible to corrosion upon exposure to corrosive elements. Metals used at homes and part of our car bodies under goes corrosion at a little contact of the corrosion factors. ...
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Metals, such as Iron, zinc, zluminium, and copper are vital in various industries and construction. However, these metals are susceptible to corrosion upon exposure to corrosive elements. Metals used at homes and part of our car bodies under goes corrosion at a little contact of the corrosion factors. In this research, a coumarin derivative was theoretically studied using quantum parameters such as Electronegativity (χ), Global hardness (η), Electron donating power(ω-), Electron accepting power (ω+), Global softness (σ), Global hardness (η), and fraction of electron transfer (ΔN) couple with the simulation process to ascertain and compare the corrosion inhibition of metals such Zn, Al, Cu, and Fe. Based on the results, low magnitude of ELUMO combined with the high magnitude of EHOMO reveals that Coumarin-6-ol, 3,4-dihydro-4,4-dimethyl-7-nitro- (CML) molecule was reactive by serving as a donor, hence confirming the predicted inhibition of the simulated parameters. The electronegativity atoms have a significant effect on the corrosion inhibition efficiency of CML inhibitor molecule, and the atom with a negative charge depicts the potential of a HOMO center. The binding energy of the inhibitor (CML) on the metals were in order of CML-Fe (111)> CML-Cu (110)> CML-Al (110)> CML-Zn (110) for -90.768834kcal/mol, -48.643544 kcal/mol, -45.734485 kcal/mol, and -26.909952 kcal/mol, respectively. According to the results, CML inhibitor molecule shows high significant corrosion protection properties and is shown to be highly effective on CML-Fe (111) compare to the other metals studied. All CML-metal contact in the study depicts a physical adsorption based on the values of binding and obtained adsorption energy.
