Review Article
Hormooz Asadi Kohbad; Hasan Bahramipor Naghani
Abstract
Damage does not follow a person's fault enough to establish a causal relationship, but it must be proven that the fault is the actual cause and cause of the damage and without it the damage would not have occurred. The meaning of because here is not the complete cause or the perfect cause, but the cause ...
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Damage does not follow a person's fault enough to establish a causal relationship, but it must be proven that the fault is the actual cause and cause of the damage and without it the damage would not have occurred. The meaning of because here is not the complete cause or the perfect cause, but the cause and the factor that the damage is documented in his action and the custom attributes to him. Recognizing the existence of a causal relationship is not always easy because different factors may have been involved in causing the damage. It is not possible to say exactly which one was the cause. In cases where several people are involved in causing damage, some of whom are guilty and some are not guilty, the custom attributes the damage to the person who was at fault, but if all the factors influencing the damage are to blame, it is difficult to identify the cause and establish the cause. Assuming someone is injured in an accident and dies in hospital, a number of factors may play a role in death: a car crash, delays in first aid, the incompetence of the surgeon's illegitimate surgeon, who overtakes him beyond legal hours. As a result, the victim left the workplace later than usual and crashed into a car that was passing by at the scene at that time. To answer the question of which one should be considered the real cause of the damage, four opinions were raised.
Original Research Article
Hormooz Asadi Kohbad; Hasan Bahramipor Naghani
Abstract
One of the most important rules of jurisprudence that causes coercive guarantee is the rule of Ali al-Aid, which is known by famous jurists, both Shiites and Sunnis, as narrated from the Prophet. Among the Shiite narration societies, this narration has been quoted in the book Mustadrak al-La'ali, quoting ...
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One of the most important rules of jurisprudence that causes coercive guarantee is the rule of Ali al-Aid, which is known by famous jurists, both Shiites and Sunnis, as narrated from the Prophet. Among the Shiite narration societies, this narration has been quoted in the book Mustadrak al-La'ali, quoting the commentary of Abu al-Futuh al-Razi and Awali al-Lali al-'Aziziyya, as follows: It's going to take what it takes until it returns. Ibn Abi al-Jumhur al-Ehsa'i has narrated this narration in three cases in his book Awali al-Laali al-Aziziyah. In the first case, he has quoted it without specifying the name of the Prophet, and in the second case, by specifying the name of the Prophet, but in the first way, without mentioning the intermediary, and in the third case, he has quoted it from the Prophet through Samra. There is a difference of opinion among jurists in explaining and interpreting the provisions of this rule. In examining the provisions of this rule, the question arises whether the provisions of the rule are an obligatory ruling on the necessity of rejecting other people's property, or the guarantee and responsibility of a person in charge of other people's property?
Original Research Article
Engineering
Peyman Vaziri
Abstract
Design, supply and drilling (EPD) contracts, referred to in the downstream industry as turnkey contracts, are new contracts in the drilling industry that can be attractive to both employer and contractor. In this type of contracts, the design, supply of equipment and goods, as well as drilling wells ...
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Design, supply and drilling (EPD) contracts, referred to in the downstream industry as turnkey contracts, are new contracts in the drilling industry that can be attractive to both employer and contractor. In this type of contracts, the design, supply of equipment and goods, as well as drilling wells are the responsibility of the drilling contractor. Therefore, all risks in all three stages are the responsibility of the contractor and in this regard, these contracts are attractive to employers. Therefore, by managing and allocating new risk by placing conditions and clauses, these contracts can be replaced by the format of previous contracts. Studies and researches in the field of EPD contracts in the world and Iran in the field of production wells have been done, also projects in this field have been done in South Pars field. However, a comprehensive and complete research on this issue has not been done yet. In the exploration of exploratory wells, in the world and in Iran, research on the contractual risks of this type of contract and how to allocate these risks has not been done yet, and as a result, a project with this title has not been realized yet.
Original Research Article
Ahmad Keshavarzi
Abstract
One of the infrastructures that can guarantee the economic and technological success of researchers and knowledge-based companies in the age of knowledge is the attention to intellectual property rights. Given that most of the assets of researchers and knowledge-based companies are intellectual property, ...
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One of the infrastructures that can guarantee the economic and technological success of researchers and knowledge-based companies in the age of knowledge is the attention to intellectual property rights. Given that most of the assets of researchers and knowledge-based companies are intellectual property, so the management and legal protection of intellectual property will be inevitable. On the other hand, to enter the world economy, one must be familiar with the specific literature of the business world, one of the key topics of which is intellectual property rights. Therefore, not knowing the issues of intellectual property rights will be a serious threat for researchers and knowledge-based companies and knowing it as a great opportunity. However, today, due to the expansion of communication at national, regional and international levels, especially through the World Wide Web and the ability to quickly and easily access all information and the possibility of some people abusing the works and achievements of others, it has been added.
Original Research Article
Engineering
Ebadollah Amouzad Mahdiraji
Abstract
Corona electric discharge phenomenon occurs when the electric field intensity exceeds the corona threshold. In the analysis of this paper, three types of hypotheses of partial charge (electrons, positive ions, negative ions) generated in the air due to corona electrical discharge are considered. The ...
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Corona electric discharge phenomenon occurs when the electric field intensity exceeds the corona threshold. In the analysis of this paper, three types of hypotheses of partial charge (electrons, positive ions, negative ions) generated in the air due to corona electrical discharge are considered. The physical process is produced along with the changes and dynamics of the electric charge applied to the field by the charge movement which has velocity due to electric fields and motion due to slope (diffusion) and we will also see losses in electric charge. In this paper, electric load evaluation on a polymer surface by a positive impact corona in the air was performed. Output (circuit current) and input (electric fields and electric charge space density) are considered in computer simulation analysis. Different models have been used to identify the corona, depending on the intensity and extent of the voltage surges. The dynamics and distribution of electric charges and electric fields are analyzed and compared by two models of corona charging (glow and burst impulse).
Original Research Article
Chemistry
Nabil Vaeli
Abstract
In this research, the Oliveria decumbens native and medicinal plant has been used. The extract of this plant contains anti-inflammatory compounds, very strong antioxidants, Allergic reduction compounds and antiviral and anticancer compounds. Extraction of this plant was investigated using supercritical ...
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In this research, the Oliveria decumbens native and medicinal plant has been used. The extract of this plant contains anti-inflammatory compounds, very strong antioxidants, Allergic reduction compounds and antiviral and anticancer compounds. Extraction of this plant was investigated using supercritical extraction system using supercritical CO2 fluid in two stages with ultrasound waves and without ultrasound waves, which the research showed that the highest percentage of effective compounds was extracted by supercritical fluid through the ultrasound process. In this study, the extractive effect of two compounds of Octanoic acid and Nonadecanoic Acid as two compounds with the highest drug effect was investigated due to the anticancer and antiviral properties. This amount for the active substance Octanoic Acid in SCF state is 0.02 and in the USCF is 0.14. and for Nonadecanoic Acid in the SCF state is 0.11 and in the USCF state it is 0.86. Also, the extraction in the supercritical device was investigated in both states with ultrasound and without it, at pressures of 190, 170 and 210 bars and the temperatures of 55,45 and 65 Centigrade and frequencies of 37 and 80 kHz. The results showed that the percentage of product (gram of active ingredient / gram of sample) at the pressure of 210 bar and 37 kHz frequency had the highest extraction rate.
Original Research Article
Physics
Mohammad Ranjbarian
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the excellence of Ilam Telecommunication Organization based on EFQM. The statistical population of this research is all the personnel of Ilam Telecommunication Organization and the sample size has been obtained using Cochran's formula of 202 people. Data collection ...
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the excellence of Ilam Telecommunication Organization based on EFQM. The statistical population of this research is all the personnel of Ilam Telecommunication Organization and the sample size has been obtained using Cochran's formula of 202 people. Data collection tool in this study was a questionnaire, the validity of which was confirmed and its reliability was obtained through Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 89%. In this research, library and field methods have been used to collect information, and the present research is applied in terms of purpose and based on how to obtain the required data of descriptive research to analyze the data of the questionnaire in Descriptive statistics section (mean, standard deviation, ...) and inferential statistics section (pattern determination test, test of research hypotheses through means comparison test, one-sample t-test) have been used in SPSS software package. In this research, an attempt has been made to examine the situation of the employees of the Telecommunication Organization of Ilam Province based on the nine areas mentioned in the two groups of results and enablers. Finally, after performing the final analysis and using the test related to the hypotheses and using the one-sample t-test, it was determined that the population considered in this study, i.e. the employees of the Telecommunication Organization of Ilam province, has obtained 514 points out of 1000. All hypotheses are accepted and finally suggestions for each criterion are presented for continuous improvement.